app/build.gradle，在 dependencies 闭包中添加内容：

dependencies {
    ...
    implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.0.2'
    ...
}

Sync Now 同步后，修改 activity_main.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

layout_fruit_item.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

Fruit:

public class Fruit {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;

    public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getImageId() {
        return imageId;
    }
}

FruitAdapter:

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);

            fruitImage = view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }

    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view  = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.layout_fruit_item, parent, false);
        ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();
    }
}

MainActivity:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<>();

    private void initFruits() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            Fruit apple = new Fruit("apple", R.mipmap.if_apple);
            fruitList.add(apple);

            Fruit grapes = new Fruit("grapes", R.mipmap.if_grapes);
            fruitList.add(grapes);

            Fruit orange = new Fruit("orange", R.mipmap.if_orange);
            fruitList.add(orange);

            Fruit mango = new Fruit("mango", R.mipmap.if_mango);
            fruitList.add(mango);

            Fruit pear = new Fruit("pear", R.mipmap.if_pear);
            fruitList.add(pear);

            Fruit pomegranate = new Fruit("pomegranate", R.mipmap.if_pomegranate);
            fruitList.add(pomegranate);

            Fruit pineapple = new Fruit("pineapple", R.mipmap.if_pineapple);
            fruitList.add(pineapple);

            Fruit lemon = new Fruit("lemon", R.mipmap.if_lemon);
            fruitList.add(lemon);

            Fruit strawberry = new Fruit("strawberry", R.mipmap.if_strawberry);
            fruitList.add(strawberry);

            Fruit watermelon = new Fruit("watermelon", R.mipmap.if_watermelon);
            fruitList.add(watermelon);

        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initFruits();

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);

        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);

    }
}

效果 1 :

修改 MainActivity.java ：

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initFruits();

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);

        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

就多了

layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

效果 2 :

修改 layout_fruit_item.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="100dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

效果 3 :

修改 MainActivity.java:

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initFruits();

        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        
        StaggeredGridLayoutManager layoutManager = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(2, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);

        FruitAdapter adapter = new FruitAdapter(fruitList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

以及修改 layout_fruit_item.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"/>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

效果：

效果 4：

点击事件

FruitAdapter.java:

public class FruitAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private List<Fruit> mFruitList;

    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        ImageView fruitImage;
        TextView fruitName;
        View fruitView;

        public ViewHolder(View view) {
            super(view);

            fruitView = view;
            fruitImage = view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
            fruitName = view.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
        }
    }

    public FruitAdapter(List<Fruit> fruitList) {
        mFruitList = fruitList;
    }

    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view  = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.layout_fruit_item, parent, false);
        final ViewHolder holder = new ViewHolder(view);
        holder.fruitView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int postition = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(postition);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(), "you clicked view " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
        holder.fruitImage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                int postition = holder.getAdapterPosition();
                Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(postition);
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),"you clicked image " + fruit.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        return holder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        Fruit fruit = mFruitList.get(position);
        holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
        holder.fruitName.setText(fruit.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mFruitList.size();
    }
}